1. Coordinate urban and rural economic and social development and solidly promote the construction of a new socialist countryside (1) Building a new socialist countryside is a major historical task in my country’s modernization process. To comprehensively build a moderately prosperous society, the most arduous and arduous task lies in rural areas. To accelerate modernization, we must properly handle the relationship between workers, farmers, urban and rural areas. To build a harmonious socialist society, we must promote all-round economic and social progress in rural areas. The large rural population is my country’s national condition. Only by developing the rural economy well, building farmers’ homes, and allowing farmers to live a comfortable life can we ensure that all people share the fruits of economic and social development, continue to expand domestic demand, and promote the sustainable development of the national economy. At present, our country has generally entered a stage of development in which industry is used to promote agriculture and cities are used to promote rural areas, and it has initially developed the ability and conditions to increase efforts to support “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, we must seize the opportunity, accelerate the change of the situation of lagging rural economic and social development, and solidly and steadily promote the construction of a new socialist countryside. (2) Do a good job in agricultural and rural work around the construction of a new socialist countryside. The “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period is a critical period for laying a solid foundation for the construction of a new socialist countryside, a critical period for taking major steps in promoting the construction of modern agriculture, a critical period for making breakthroughs in building a new type of industrial-agricultural-urban-rural relations, and a critical period for building a moderately prosperous society in rural areas. A critical period for accelerating progress. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, we must hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of “Three Represents”, fully implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, implement industry to feed agriculture, cities to support rural areas, and “give more and take less, let go” “” policy, in accordance with the requirements of “production development, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean and tidy villages, and democratic management”, coordinate and promote rural economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and party building. At present, we must improve and strengthen agricultural support policies, build modern agriculture, stably develop food production, actively adjust the agricultural structure, strengthen infrastructure construction, strengthen rural democratic political construction and spiritual civilization construction, accelerate the development of social undertakings, promote comprehensive rural reform, and promote farmers’ Continue to increase income and ensure a good start in the construction of a new socialist countryside. (3) Solidly and steadily advance the construction of a new socialist countryside. Promoting the construction of new rural areas is a long-term and arduous historical task. We must adhere to the development of rural economy as the center, further liberate and develop rural productivity, promote the stable development of food and continue to increase farmers’ income; we must adhere to the basic rural management system and respect the main body of farmers. position, and constantly innovate rural systems and mechanisms; we must adhere to the people-oriented approach, focus on solving the most urgent practical problems in farmers’ production and life, and effectively benefit farmers; we must adhere to scientific planning, implement measures to local conditions, classified guidance, and gradually advance in a planned, step-by-step and focused manner ; We must persist in giving full play to the enthusiasm of all parties and rely on the hard work of farmers, state support and the extensive participation of social forces to make the construction of new rural areas a common action of the whole party and the whole society. In promoting the construction of new rural areas, we must pay attention to actual results and not engage in formalism; we must act according to our capabilities and do not blindly compare; we must discuss democratically and do not force orders; we must highlight characteristics and do not insist on uniformity; we must provide guidance and support and do not impose substitutions. (4) Accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism to promote agriculture through industry and promote rural areas through cities. In compliance with the staged changes in economic and social development and the requirements of building a new socialist countryside, we adhere to the policy of “giving more, taking less, and letting go”, focusing on “giving more”. To adjust the distribution pattern of national income, national fiscal expenditures, fixed asset investment within the budget, and credit extension must be based on the principle of moderate adjustment of stocks and priority for increments, and continuously increase investment in agriculture and rural areas. We will expand the coverage of public finance in rural areas and establish a sound mechanism for the steady growth of fiscal funds to support agriculture. In 2006, the increase in state fiscal funds to support agriculture was higher than that of the previous year. The proportion of national debt and budgetary funds used for rural construction was higher than that of the previous year. Among them, the funds directly used to improve rural production and living conditions were higher than that of the previous year. And gradually form a stable source of funds for the construction of new rural areas. The focus of state investment in infrastructure construction must be shifted to rural areas. Increase the farmland occupation tax rate, and the new tax revenue should be mainly used for “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. We must promptly formulate management and supervision measures for using part of the income from land transfer fees for agricultural land development, and strictly collect land transfer fees and paid usage fees for new construction land in accordance with the law. Land transfer fees shall not be used for the part of agricultural land development and new construction. Land development and consolidation projects with paid land use fees must take the construction of small farmland water conservancy facilities as an important part and build standard farmland. We will further increase the integration of funds to support agriculture and improve the efficiency of fund use. Financial institutions must continuously improve services and strengthen support for “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. It is necessary to speed up the establishment of a system that is conducive to the gradual change of the urban-rural dual structure, implement a system of equal employment for urban and rural workers, and establish and improve various forms of rural social security systems that are compatible with the level of economic development. Give full play to the basic role of the market in allocating resources, promote the reform of land acquisition, household registration and other systems, gradually form a unified urban and rural factor market, and enhance the vitality of rural economic development. 2. Promote the construction of modern agriculture and strengthen industrial support for the construction of a new socialist countryside (5) Vigorously improve agricultural science and technology innovation and transformation capabilities. Deepen the reform of the agricultural scientific research system, accelerate the construction of national innovation bases and regional agricultural scientific research centers, and implement new operating mechanisms in terms of institutional setup, personnel recruitment, investment and construction. Enterprises are encouraged to establish agricultural science and technology research and development centers, and the state provides support in terms of finance, taxation, finance and technological transformation. Improve the investment environment for agricultural technology innovation and develop agricultural technology innovation venture capital. Strengthen agricultural high-tech research, continue to implement modern agricultural high-tech industrialization projects, and obtain a number of major agricultural scientific and technological achievements with independent intellectual property rights as soon as possible. In response to the urgent needs of agricultural production, accelerate the research and development and promotion of improved crop and livestock breeding, animal and plant disease prevention and control, resource conservation and pollution prevention and control technologies. Prioritize agricultural scientific research investment in public financial support and increase the proportion of agricultural science and technology in national science and technology investment. Continue to arrange funds for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and funds for the introduction of foreign advanced agricultural technologies. Strengthen the protection of germplasm resources and intellectual property rights. It is necessary to speed up the reform and construction of the agricultural technology extension system, actively explore ways to implement classified management of public welfare functions and commercial services, and improve the social service mechanism of agricultural technology extension. We will further implement the project of bringing agricultural science and technology to households and expand the scale of special subsidies for major agricultural technology promotion projects. Encourage various agricultural science and education institutions and social forces to participate in diversified agricultural technology extension services. Strengthen meteorological services for agriculture to ensure agricultural production and the safety of farmers’ lives and property. Vigorously promote agricultural mechanization and improve the level of mechanized operations in important farming seasons, key crops, key production links and major grain-producing areas. (6) Strengthen the construction of modern rural circulation system. Actively promote the upgrading and transformation of agricultural product wholesale markets, and promote the quality grading and packaging standardization of agricultural products entering the market. Encourage commercial enterprises, postal systems and other types of investment entities to develop modern circulation industries in rural areas through new establishments, mergers, alliances, franchises, etc. Actively develop chain operations of agricultural products, agricultural production materials and consumer goods, establish a new marketing system with centralized procurement and unified distribution as the core, and improve the rural market environment. Continue to implement the “Thousands of Villages and Thousands of Townships Market Project” and build chain “farm stores”. Cultivate and develop a team of rural brokers. Accelerate agricultural standardization work, improve the inspection and testing system, strengthen agricultural production materials and feed quality management, and further improve the quality and safety of agricultural products. Supply and marketing cooperatives should innovate service methods, carry out extensive joint and cooperative operations, accelerate the construction of modern operating networks, and provide services for the circulation of agricultural products and the supply of farmers’ production and living materials. In 2006, it is necessary to improve the national “green channel” network of fresh agricultural products and realize inter-provincial interconnection. (7) Stable development of grain production. Ensuring national food security is an important foundation for maintaining steady and rapid growth of the national economy and social stability. We must adhere to the policy of achieving basic self-sufficiency in food based on domestic needs, steadily develop food production, continue to increase income from growing grain, continuously improve production capacity, make appropriate use of the international market, and actively maintain a balance between supply and demand. We must resolutely implement the strictest farmland protection system, effectively protect basic farmland, and protect farmers’ land contract management rights. Continue to implement high-quality grain industry projects and grain-high-yield science and technology projects, accelerate the construction of large-scale commercial grain production bases and grain industry belts, stabilize grain sowing area, and continuously improve grain yield, quality and production efficiency. Adhere to and improve the minimum purchase price policy for key grain varieties, maintain a reasonable grain price level, strengthen price control of agricultural production materials, and protect the interests of grain farmers. Continue to implement the incentive policy for major grain-producing counties and increase the central government’s incentive funds for major grain-producing counties. (8) Actively promote agricultural structural adjustment. Adjust and optimize the agricultural structure in accordance with the requirements of high yield, high quality, efficiency, ecology and safety. Accelerate the construction of advantageous agricultural product industry belts, actively develop specialty agriculture, green food and ecological agriculture, protect well-known brands of agricultural products, and cultivate and expand leading industries. Continue to implement the seed project. Vigorously develop the animal husbandry industry, expand the scale of subsidies for improved livestock and poultry breeds, promote healthy breeding methods, and arrange special investment to support the pilot construction of standardized livestock and poultry breeding communities. It is necessary to strengthen the infrastructure construction for the prevention and control of animal diseases, especially avian influenza and other major diseases, improve the emergency response mechanism for emergencies, accelerate the reform of the veterinary management system, and stabilize the grassroots veterinary team. Actively develop the aquaculture industry, expand the breeding of high-quality aquatic products, develop offshore fisheries, protect fishery resources, and continue to do a good job in changing fishermen’s industries. Improve the international competitiveness of agricultural products, expand the export of superior agricultural products such as horticulture, livestock, and aquatic products, strengthen foreign trade consultations on agricultural products, and improve the ability of my country’s agriculture to cope with international trade disputes. (9) Develop agricultural industrialization management. Efforts should be made to cultivate a group of leading enterprises and enterprise cluster demonstration bases with strong competitiveness and driving force, and promote the organizational form that organically combines leading enterprises, cooperative organizations and farmers, so that farmers can get more benefits from industrialized operations. Finance at all levels should increase funds to support the development of agricultural industrialization, support the development of leading enterprises, and help farmers participate in agricultural insurance through leading enterprises. Develop bulk agricultural product futures markets and “order agriculture.” Through innovative credit guarantee means and guarantee methods, we can effectively solve the problem of insufficient funds for the purchase of agricultural products by leading enterprises. Carry out pilot reform of value-added tax for intensive processing of agricultural products. Actively guide and support farmers to develop various professional cooperative economic organizations, speed up the legislative process, increase support, and establish credit, taxation, registration and other systems that are conducive to the development of farmers’ cooperative economic organizations. (10) Accelerate the development of circular agriculture. We must vigorously develop agricultural technologies that save resources and protect the environment, and focus on promoting comprehensive waste utilization technologies, related industry link technologies, and renewable energy development and utilization technologies. Formulate corresponding fiscal and tax incentive policies, organize the implementation of biomass projects, promote technologies such as straw gasification, solidification molding, power generation, and livestock raising, develop biomass energy and bio-based materials, and cultivate the biomass industry. Actively develop conservation-oriented agriculture that saves land, water, fertilizer, pesticides and seeds, encourage the production and use of electricity-saving and fuel-saving agricultural machinery and agricultural product processing equipment, and strive to improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural inputs. Increase efforts to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution. 3. Promote farmers to continue to increase their income and consolidate the economic foundation for the construction of a new socialist countryside (l1) Broaden channels for farmers to increase their income. It is necessary to fully tap the potential of increasing agricultural income, actively develop superior agricultural products with high quality, distinctive features and high added value in accordance with domestic and foreign market demands, and promote “one village, one product” to achieve value-added and efficiency-added. It is necessary to speed up the transfer of rural labor force and continuously increase the income of farmers. Encourage and support the development of township enterprises in line with industrial policies, especially labor-intensive enterprises and service industries. Efforts should be made to develop county towns and key towns under establishment, and create favorable conditions for the development of small towns in terms of finance, finance, taxation and public goods investment. Towns with a large migrant population should proceed from reality and improve social management functions. It is necessary to focus on revitalizing the county and enriching the people, focusing on cultivating industrial support, vigorously developing the private economy, guiding the agglomeration of enterprises and factors, improving financial services, enhancing county-level management capabilities, and developing and strengthening the county economy. (12) Protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant farmers. Further clean up and cancel various discriminatory regulations and unreasonable restrictions on the movement of migrant workers and employment in cities. Establish and improve urban and rural employment public service networks to provide free legal policy consultation, employment information, employment guidance and career introduction to migrant farmers. Strictly implement the minimum wage system and establish systems such as wage guarantee funds to effectively solve the problem of low wages and arrears for migrant farmers. Improve the labor contract system and strengthen occupational safety and health protection for migrant farmers. Gradually establish a social security system for migrant farmers, include all migrant farmers in the scope of work-related injury insurance in accordance with the law, and explore serious illness medical security and pension insurance methods that suit the characteristics of migrant farmers. Earnestly resolve the issue of schooling for the children of migrant farmers. (13) Stabilize, improve, and strengthen direct subsidy policies for agriculture and farmers. It is necessary to strengthen the state’s support and protection system for agriculture and farmers. Policies such as the “three exemptions and exemptions, three subsidies” and subsidies for returning farmland to forest for farmers are very popular and have obvious effects, and they must continue to be stabilized, improved and strengthened. In 2006, the main grain-producing areas will increase the direct subsidy for grain growing to more than 50% of the grain risk fund, and other regions will also increase subsidies to grain farmers based on actual conditions. Increase subsidies for improved seeds and purchase subsidies for agricultural machinery. Adapt to the needs of agricultural production and market changes, establish and improve the support and protection system for grain farmers. (14) Strengthen poverty alleviation and development work. It is necessary to implement a village-wide approach to poverty alleviation and development in accordance with local conditions, increase efforts to improve production and living conditions in poor areas, do a good job in transfer training of labor in poor areas, support leading enterprises to drive structural adjustment in poor areas, and broaden channels for poor farmers to increase their income. Implement relocation poverty alleviation for poor people in areas lacking living conditions. Continue to increase investment in poverty alleviation, improve management mechanisms, and improve utilization efficiency. Continue to mobilize central and state agencies, developed coastal areas and all sectors of society to participate in poverty alleviation and development. Efforts should be made to ensure food supply in poor and food-deficient areas. 4. Strengthen rural infrastructure construction and improve the material conditions for the construction of a new socialist countryside (15) Vigorously strengthen farmland water conservancy, cultivated land quality and ecological construction. While completing the construction of major water conservancy projects, we will continue to strengthen farmland water conservancy construction. Accelerate the development of water-saving irrigation and continue to focus on the continued construction of supporting facilities and water-saving renovation of large irrigation areas as the focus of agricultural fixed asset investment. We will intensify the technological transformation of large-scale drainage pumping stations and construct supporting field projects. Vigorously promote water-saving technologies. Implement joint responsibility between the central and local governments and gradually expand the scale of special funds for small farmland water conservancy subsidies at the central and provincial levels. Effectively implement the construction and management of small farmland water conservancy projects focusing on water-saving renovation of small irrigation areas and rainwater collection and utilization. Continue to eliminate dangerous reservoirs and strengthen them, and strengthen the management of small and medium-sized rivers. It is necessary to vigorously strengthen the quality improvement of cultivated land, implement a new round of fertile soil project, scientifically apply chemical fertilizers, guide the application of more organic fertilizers, and comprehensively improve soil fertility. Increase subsidies for soil testing and formula fertilization, and continue to implement conservation tillage demonstration projects and pilot subsidy programs for improving soil organic matter. Comprehensive agricultural development should focus on supporting the transformation of medium and low-yield fields in major grain-producing areas and the water-saving transformation of medium-sized irrigation areas. In accordance with the requirements of building an environment-friendly society, we will continue to promote ecological construction, effectively carry out key ecological projects such as returning farmland to forests and protecting natural forests, stabilize and improve policies, cultivate follow-up industries, and consolidate the results of ecological construction. Continue to promote the return of grazing land to grassland and comprehensive development of mountainous areas. Establish and improve ecological compensation mechanisms. We will do a good job in the prevention and control of major pests and diseases and take effective measures to prevent the invasion of foreign harmful organisms. We will strengthen desertification control and actively implement comprehensive soil and water loss prevention and control projects in rocky desertification areas and black soil areas in Northeast China. Establish and improve the environmental restoration and governance responsibility mechanism for hydropower, mining and other enterprises, and allocate certain funds from the development income of hydropower, minerals and other resources for the restoration and governance of the environment where the enterprises are located to prevent water and soil erosion. (16) Accelerate the construction of rural infrastructure. Efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of living infrastructure that farmers urgently need most. On the basis of consolidating the achievements in alleviating drinking water difficulties for humans and animals, we will speed up the construction of rural drinking water safety projects and give priority to solving drinking water safety problems in areas with high fluoride, high arsenic, brackishness, polluted water and schistosomiasis. Where conditions permit, centralized water supply can be developed to promote high-quality water supply for drinking water and other domestic water. It is necessary to accelerate the pace of rural energy construction and actively promote clean energy technologies such as biogas, straw gasification, small hydropower, solar energy, and wind power generation in suitable areas. Starting from 2006, the scale of investment in rural biogas construction will be significantly increased. Where conditions permit, it is necessary to accelerate the popularization of household biogas and support the construction of large and medium-sized biogas in breeding farms. Use the construction of biogas digesters to promote the improvement of rural areas, toilets and kitchens. Complete the continuation and supporting projects for rural power grid transformation as soon as possible. Strengthen small hydropower development planning and management, and expand the scale of pilot projects for small hydropower to replace fuel. It is necessary to further strengthen the construction of rural roads. By the end of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, all towns and villages in the country will be basically connected to asphalt (cement) roads, all qualified villages in the eastern and central regions will be able to have asphalt (cement) roads, and all qualified villages in the western region will be basically connected to asphalt (cement) roads. The incorporated villages are connected to roads. It is necessary to actively promote the construction of agricultural informatization, make full use of and integrate agriculture-related information resources, strengthen radio, television, telecommunications and other information services for rural areas, and focus on the “Golden Agriculture” project and the construction of an agricultural comprehensive information service platform. We will guide farmers to voluntarily contribute capital and labor to carry out small-scale infrastructure construction in rural areas. Where conditions permit, we can provide support through rewards instead of subsidies, project subsidies and other methods. In accordance with the principle of paying equal attention to construction and management, the management and maintenance of public welfare infrastructure such as rural roads will gradually be included in the scope of state support. (17) Strengthen village planning and human settlement environment management. With the improvement of living standards and the advancement of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, farmers are eager to improve the rural living environment and village appearance. Governments at all levels should effectively strengthen village planning work, arrange funds to support the preparation of village plans and carry out village governance pilot projects; they can formulate guiding catalogs for village construction and human settlement environment management based on the actual conditions of each locality, focusing on solving farmers’ problems in drinking water, walking, and using electricity. and fuel, etc., for projects that meet the catalogue, guidance and support in terms of funds and materials can be provided. Strengthen homestead planning and management, vigorously save land for village construction, and provide farmers with free housing design drawings that are economical, safe, applicable, land-saving, energy-saving, and material-saving. Guide and help farmers to effectively solve the problem of mixed housing and livestock and poultry housing, improve rural sewage and garbage management, and improve rural environmental sanitation. Pay attention to village safety construction, prevent flash floods, mudslides and other disasters from harming villages, and strengthen rural firefighting work. Village governance should highlight rural, local and ethnic characteristics, and protect ancient villages and ancient houses with historical and cultural value. It is necessary to adhere to the principle of economy, fully base on the existing foundation to carry out the renovation of houses and facilities, prevent large-scale demolition and construction, prevent increasing the burden on farmers, and promote village governance in a solid and steady manner. 5. Accelerate the development of rural social undertakings and cultivate new types of farmers who promote the construction of a new socialist countryside (18) Accelerate the development of rural compulsory education. Efforts will be made to popularize and consolidate nine-year compulsory education in rural areas. In 2006, all compulsory education students in rural areas in the western region were exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees, and students from poor families were provided with free textbooks and subsidized living expenses for boarding students. In 2007, this policy was generally implemented in rural areas across the country. Continue to implement the “two basics” project in the western region of the country and the modern distance education project for rural primary and secondary schools. Establish and improve rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanisms, further improve rural school-running conditions, and gradually increase the level of public funding guarantees for rural primary and secondary schools. Strengthen the construction of rural teachers, increase the intensity of urban teachers supporting rural education, and promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education. Increase efforts to supervise and standardize rural school fees to further reduce the educational burden on farmers. (19) Carry out large-scale skills training for rural labor force. Improving the overall quality of farmers and cultivating new farmers who are literate, knowledgeable and capable of management are urgent needs for building a new socialist countryside. Continue to support scientific and technological training for new farmers, improve farmers’ farming skills, and promote scientific farming. Expand the scale of implementation of the Sunshine Project for rural labor transfer training, raise subsidy standards, and enhance farmers’ ability to change production and employment. Accelerate the establishment of a government-supported, market-oriented, and diversified training mechanism for running schools. Finance departments at all levels should include rural labor force training funds in their budgets and continuously increase investment. Integrate various educational resources in rural areas and develop rural vocational education and adult education. (20) Actively develop rural health services. Actively promote the pilot work of the new rural cooperative medical system. Starting from 2006, the central and local governments will significantly increase the subsidy standards. By 2008, the new rural cooperative medical system will be basically popularized in rural areas across the country. Governments at all levels must continue to increase investment, strengthen the construction of rural health infrastructure focusing on township health centers, and improve the three-level rural medical and health services and medical assistance systems. Where conditions permit, a subsidy system can be implemented for rural doctors. Establish a rural drug supply and supervision system that is compatible with farmers’ income levels, and standardize rural medical services. Strengthen the prevention and control of endemic diseases, infectious diseases and zoonotic diseases in rural areas. Increase the budget for training rural health talents, organize urban medical institutions and personnel to provide counterpart support to rural areas, and encourage various social forces to participate in the development of rural health services. Strengthen the construction of rural family planning service facilities and continue to stabilize the low fertility level in rural areas. (21) Prosper rural cultural undertakings. All levels of finance must increase investment in rural cultural development, strengthen the construction of public cultural facilities such as county cultural centers, libraries, township cultural stations, and village cultural rooms, continue to implement radio and television “every village access” and rural film screening projects, and develop cultural information Resource sharing project rural grassroots service points to build a rural public cultural service system. Promote the implementation of farmers’ sports and fitness projects. Actively carry out various forms of cultural and sports activities that are popular and entertaining for the masses, protect and develop excellent traditional culture with local and national characteristics, innovate the carriers and means of rural cultural life, guide cultural workers to go deep into the countryside, and satisfy the needs of farmers. levels and multi-faceted spiritual and cultural needs. Support rural amateur cultural teams and encourage farmers to establish cultural industries. Strengthen rural cultural market management and resist decadent and backward culture. (22) Gradually establish a rural social security system. In accordance with the requirements of coordinated urban and rural development, public financial investment in the construction of rural social security systems will be gradually increased. We will further improve the social assistance system such as support for rural households with “five guarantees”, living assistance for extremely poor households, and subsidies for disaster victims. Explore the establishment of a rural social pension insurance system that is compatible with the level of rural economic development and matched with other security measures. Implement the policy of preferential care for the families of military martyrs. Actively expand the pilot program of implementing a reward and support system for some rural family planning families and the implementation scope of the family planning “fewer births and faster wealth” poverty alleviation project in the western region. Where conditions permit, we should actively explore the establishment of a rural minimum living security system. (23) Advocate a new trend of health and civilization. Vigorously carry forward the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, inspire the peasant masses to carry forward the traditional virtues of hard work and self-reliance, and provide strong spiritual motivation and ideological guarantee for the construction of a new socialist countryside. Strengthen ideological and political work, carry out in-depth education on rural situations and policies, conscientiously implement citizen moral construction projects, actively promote mass spiritual civilization creation activities, and carry out activities to create harmonious families, harmonious village groups, and harmonious villages and towns. Guide farmers to advocate science, resist superstition, change customs, eliminate bad habits, establish advanced ideas and good morals, promote a scientific and healthy lifestyle, and form a civilized and progressive social style in rural areas. 6. Comprehensively deepen rural reform and improve the institutional guarantee for the construction of a new socialist countryside (24) Further deepen the comprehensive rural reform with rural tax and fee reform as the main content. In 2006, agricultural taxes were abolished nationwide. Through pilot projects and summing up experience, we will actively and steadily promote the reform of township institutions, effectively transform the functions of township governments, innovate the operation mechanism of township public institutions, streamline institutions and personnel, and within five years the establishment of township institutions will only decrease but not increase. Properly place diversion personnel to ensure social stability. In accordance with the requirements of strengthening public services, strictly acting in accordance with the law and improving administrative efficiency, we must conscientiously solve the problem of bloated institutions and personnel, and effectively strengthen the government’s social management and public service functions. Accelerate the reform of the rural compulsory education system and establish and improve a rural compulsory education management system with clear responsibilities of governments at all levels, graded financial investment, steady growth of funds, and county-based management. The central and provincial governments should take more responsibility for the development of rural compulsory education. responsibilities and deepen the reform of personnel and financial systems in rural schools. Where conditions permit, the reform of the fiscal management system of “provincial governments directly administering counties” and “township finances and counties administering township finance” can be accelerated. All localities should clean up and verify rural debts. In 2006, some counties (cities) were selected to carry out pilot work to resolve rural debts, properly handle agricultural tax arrears over the years, improve agriculture-related tax preferential methods, and ensure that farmers directly benefit. Deepen the reform of taxes and fees on state-owned farms, and remove all fees similar to the “five townships and towns overall planning” in rural land contract fees for agricultural employees. The resulting reduced farm income will be appropriately subsidized by the central and provincial finances. State-owned farms must gradually divest themselves of their social functions, transform their operating mechanisms, and play a demonstration role in the construction of modern agriculture. (25) Accelerate rural financial reform. Consolidate and develop the results of rural credit cooperative reform pilots and further improve the governance structure and operating mechanism. On the premise of ensuring the safety of funds, various financial institutions within the county will invest a certain proportion of new deposits locally to support the development of agriculture and rural economy. Relevant departments must promptly formulate management measures. Expand the scope of independent use of postal savings funds and guide postal savings funds to return to rural areas. Adjust the functional positioning of the Agricultural Development Bank and expand its business scope and funding sources. The National Development Bank should support rural infrastructure construction and agricultural resource development. Continue to play the role of the Agricultural Bank of China in supporting the development of agriculture and rural economy. On the premise of ensuring sufficient capital, strict financial supervision and establishing a reasonable and effective exit mechanism, encourage the establishment of community financial institutions with multiple ownerships within the county, and allow private capital, foreign capital, etc. to participate in the shares. Vigorously cultivate small loan organizations initiated by natural persons, corporate legal persons or corporate legal persons, and relevant departments must promptly formulate management measures. Guide farmers to develop mutual fund organizations. Regulate private lending. Steadily advance the pilot work of agricultural policy insurance and accelerate the development of agricultural insurance in various forms and channels. Various localities can solve the problem of loan mortgage guarantees for farmers and rural small and medium-sized enterprises by establishing guarantee funds or guarantee institutions. Local governments with qualified conditions can provide appropriate support. (26) Coordinate and promote other rural reforms. Stabilize and improve the two-tier management system based on household contract management and integrating centralized and decentralized management, and improve the transfer mechanism of land contract management rights on a legal, voluntary and paid basis. Where conditions permit, various forms of moderate-scale operations can be developed. Accelerate the reform of the collective forest rights system and promote the healthy development of forestry. Improve the grain circulation system, deepen the reform of state-owned grain enterprises, establish stable purchase and sales relationships in production and marketing areas, and strengthen the state’s macro-control of the grain market. Accelerate the pace of reform of the land acquisition system, and further explore reform experience in accordance with the requirements of narrowing the scope of land acquisition, improving compensation methods, expanding resettlement channels, and standardizing land acquisition procedures. Improve the reasonable compensation mechanism for land-expropriated farmers, strengthen employment training for land-expropriated farmers, expand employment placement channels, and improve social security for land-expropriated farmers. Promote the reform of the property rights system for small farmland water conservancy facilities. 7. Strengthen the construction of rural democratic politics and improve the rural governance mechanism for building a new socialist countryside (27) Continuously enhance the combat effectiveness, cohesion and creativity of rural grassroots party organizations. Give full play to the core leadership role of rural grassroots party organizations and provide strong political and organizational guarantees for the construction of a new socialist countryside. With the theme of building a new socialist countryside, we must carry out in-depth educational activities to maintain the advanced nature of Communist Party members in rural areas across the country, and guide the majority of rural Party members to learn and implement the Party Constitution, strengthen their ideals and beliefs, and adhere to the Party’s purpose. It is necessary to carry out targeted positive education based on rural realities, solve outstanding problems existing in party organizations and party members, solve major problems affecting reform, development and stability, and solve key issues of greatest concern to the masses in order to achieve practical results. Strengthen the position construction of rural grassroots organizations, continue to improve modern distance education for rural party members and cadres, increase training on policy theory, laws and regulations, and practical technology, guide rural grassroots cadres to carry forward a work style of truth-seeking, pragmatism, down-to-earth hard work, and widely contact the masses , enhance the ability to lead the masses to increase income and become rich. We should care for and care for rural grassroots cadres, continue to carry out “three-level joint creation” activities for rural party building, strengthen the construction of grassroots party style and clean government, and consolidate the party’s ruling foundation in rural areas. Give full play to the role of rural Communist Youth League and women’s federation organizations. (28) Effectively safeguard farmers’ democratic rights. Improve the dynamic villagers’ self-governance mechanism led by the village party organization, further improve the village affairs disclosure and democratic deliberation system, and allow farmers to truly enjoy the right to know, participate, manage, and supervise. We will improve the villagers’ “one discussion on one matter” system, improve the mechanisms and methods for farmers to independently raise funds and labor, and guide farmers to independently carry out the construction of rural public welfare facilities. Carry out demonstration activities for democratic management of village affairs and promote grassroots volunteer service activities in rural areas. Strengthen the construction of the legal system in rural areas, carry out in-depth legal education in rural areas, enhance farmers’ legal concepts, and improve farmers’ awareness of exercising their rights and fulfilling their obligations in accordance with the law. Properly handle various social conflicts in rural areas, strengthen comprehensive management of public security in rural areas, crack down on social evils such as “pornography, gambling, and drugs”, build safe villages, and create a social environment for farmers to live and work in peace and contentment. (29) Cultivate new social service organizations in rural areas. While continuing to enhance the economic strength and service functions of rural collective organizations and giving full play to the role of the national grassroots economic and technical service departments, we must encourage, guide and support the development of various new social service organizations in rural areas. Promote the development of agricultural product industry associations, guide agricultural producers and agricultural product processing and export enterprises to strengthen industry self-discipline, provide good information services, and safeguard the rights and interests of members. Encourage the development of rural legal, financial and other intermediary organizations to provide effective services for farmers to develop production and operations and safeguard legitimate rights and interests. 8. Effectively strengthen leadership and mobilize the whole party and society to care about, support and participate in the construction of a new socialist countryside (30) Strengthen leadership in the construction of a new socialist countryside. Promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside is related to the long-term development of my country’s agriculture and rural areas, and is related to the overall situation of reform, opening up, and modernization. Party committees and governments at all levels must proceed from a strategic and overall perspective and regard the construction of a new socialist countryside as a major event. , truly put it on the agenda, effectively strengthen leadership, clarify work priorities, and do several practical things for farmers every year. Party committees and government departments at all levels must clarify their responsibilities and tasks in the construction of new rural areas, especially macro-management, basic industries and public service departments. When formulating development plans and arranging construction investment and project funds, they must fully consider The requirements for coordinating urban and rural development are tilted more toward rural areas. All regions and departments must establish a work coordination mechanism to promote the construction of new rural areas, strengthen unified leadership, clarify the division of responsibilities, and improve cooperation and collaboration. Leading cadres at all levels should conduct in-depth rural investigations and studies, summarize practical experience, and strengthen guidance and service.