Cotton is a thermophilic plant and has strict temperature requirements during its growth. It generally grows in areas with relatively long sunlight hours, small temperature differences and sufficient moisture.
During the growth process of cotton, the optimal temperature is around 20-25 degrees. If the growth temperature is too high or too low, it will have a serious impact on cotton yield. With the continuous development and progress of science and technology, various regions across the country have begun to gradually change the cotton planting model, gradually developing from the traditional planting model to increasing cotton yield. After several years of hard work, excellent results have been achieved. In the process of cotton planting, strengthening cotton planting and management can effectively improve the quality of cotton.
1. Strengthen the management of cotton planting variety selection
1. Reasonably select the maturity of cotton varieties.
The maturity of cotton varieties can be divided according to the growth and development time of cotton. Normally, the growth period is about four months. Cotton varieties are called early maturing varieties, while cotton with a growth and development period of about 130 days are called mid-early maturing varieties. Cotton varieties with a growth and development period of about 140 days are called mid-late maturing varieties, while cotton varieties with a growth and development period of about 155 days are called late-maturing varieties. Normally, the differences between cotton varieties are very small during the period from sowing to flowering. The period that affects the length of the cotton growth period is mainly the process from sowing to seedling emergence. The temperature during this period has a greater impact on the maturity of the variety. The lower the temperature of the soil environment, the longer the seedling period of cotton seeds will be.
2. Select varieties with better boll-forming properties.
When selecting cotton seeds, you should generally choose varieties with thinner boll shells and heavier boll seeds. Those medium-to-small boll seeds can not only effectively increase cotton yields, but also effectively improve local economic benefits. Different varieties of cotton seeds have different clothing content. Excessive clothing content will lead to smaller internal seeds, which will seriously affect the emergence rate to a certain extent. When cotton is immature, its clothing content is relatively high. If you must choose varieties with higher clothing content, you need to choose early-maturing varieties.
2. The impact of cotton planting technology management on cotton quality.
Appropriate advance sowing time can effectively improve the quality of cotton. Because this process can not only increase the boll setting period of cotton, but also effectively increase the photosynthesis time of cotton and promote the continued growth of cotton bolls. According to statistical results, different varieties of cotton require different times to germinate. Generally, the minimum temperature for cotton seeds to germinate is around 12 degrees, and the minimum temperature required for cotton plant leaves to develop is around 15 degrees. The minimum temperature for cotton seedlings to emerge is around 17 degrees, while the temperature for cotton boll development should be greater than 15 degrees. Therefore, during cotton planting, it is very important to ensure the minimum temperature required for cotton growth and development. The climate environment and natural conditions during the cotton planting process cannot be controlled through human actions. This requires strengthening the management of all stages of the cotton planting process to achieve the purpose of improving cotton quality and yield.
3. The influence of cotton planting and management on cotton quality.
Different varieties of cotton have different temperature, humidity and light conditions in different regions. Therefore, in order to improve the yield and quality of cotton during cotton planting, it is necessary to start from the source of cotton planting and select cotton varieties suitable for growing in the region. The most suitable period for picking cotton is within 8-10 days after the cotton has popped. If the appropriate picking period is not selected during the picking process, the quality of the cotton will be seriously affected. Generally speaking, cotton in the middle period has the best quality, with reasonable bulkiness and better gloss. The length and strength of the cotton batts meet the requirements of high-quality cotton. During the picking process, if the picking period is too early or too late, the quality of the cotton will be reduced to a great extent. At the same time, during the picking process, cotton picked at different periods should be stored in piles and sold in batches. The cotton in different periods is checked at all levels. Only in this way can the sales price of cotton be effectively increased and the actual income of farmers can be increased. Moreover, every cotton farmer must realize that it is not enough to simply rely on varieties to improve the quality of cotton. It is also necessary to strengthen the management of the planting process and adopt comprehensive measures to effectively improve the quality of cotton.
4. The impact of pest and disease management on cotton quality
In the autumn and winter seasons, timely autumn and winter irrigation of land to be planted with cotton can effectively reduce the overwintering survival rate of cotton spider mites and cotton bollworms. After spring, nectar plants near the planting area must be cleared away in time to reduce the nutrient supply to overwintering cotton bollworms, resulting in the death of a large number of cotton bollworms. At the same time, during the process of planting cotton, farmers should pay more attention to the prevention and control of early-stage diseases and pests in cotton fields, take effective and targeted measures to prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner, and achieve the purpose of eliminating pests and diseases. In addition, during the process of pest control, cotton farmers can purposefully change some factors based on the relationship between the field and the pest and disease environment to create an environment that is not conducive to the survival of pests and diseases, but is conducive to the growth of cotton, in order to eliminate The purpose of crop protection from diseases. During the planting process, only by choosing appropriate and scientific chemicals can we achieve the ideal disinfecting effect and promote cotton growth.